Dolphin_Hunter said:
Do sailors pay for rations while the ship is alongside?
They get a free lunch and soup everyday!
Lunch is provided free of charge to all members of the ship's company on normal working days in home port. The Duty Watch gets breakfast and supper as well. Anyone else wanting to eat breakfast/supper or lunch on weekends are supposed to pay (since no one lives on board anymore, this is no longer really an issue). While at sea or in any port other than home port, all meals are provided.
There is no additional ration for soup - it's part of the lunch ration, just served earlier. Keep in mind that units are allocated a set amount of money per day to feed their personnel, based on their circumstances. How that unit chooses to break it up and use it is up to them.
There is actually some sound reasoning for the "free" lunch (is anything really free?) and none of it has anything to do with giving the sailors a break or benefit:
1) There are no adequate dining facilities in proximity to any of the ships in either of HMC Dockyards. The number of personnel in the ships would overwhelm those facilities that do exist.
2) Sailors are prohibited from "brown-bagging" because there is no place to store their lunches in such a manner as to not attract vermin. This is a very real issue as the cost of fumigating a ship (which is a refit-level operation) in order to combat roaches or rats far exceeds the cost of feeding the ship's company.
3) In theory at least, sailors are not supposed to leave the ship during the workday. Departments generally have authority to allow it though.
In short, if you can't leave to get lunch (or there is no place to go) and you can't bring your own, then the Crown has an obligation to feed you.