PUBLICATION: The Kingston Whig-Standard
DATE: 2005.08.02
EDITION: Final
SECTION: Forum
PAGE: 5
COLUMN: In Other Words
BYLINE: Christine Overall
SOURCE: Special to The Kingston Whig-Standard
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Maybe it's time for a 'Meat Eaters Anonymous'
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Lately I've been wondering if eating meat is an addiction.
It certainly seemed that way to me.
I gave up meat five years ago. This was after a whole decade during which I sincerely believed I wasn't morally justified in eating meat.
With so many other foods available to me, I couldn't justify eating the bodies of mammals - especially given the deplorable conditions under which most of them live until they're slaughtered.
The spirit was willing but the flesh was weak. It took me years to reach a point where I could make my actions consistent with my beliefs.
Since I became a vegetarian in April 2000, I've eaten meat only twice. The first was at Christmas, eight months later. I ate some turkey as a way of joining in the annual festive Christmas dinner, and also to test my supposed need for meat.
I found I could have been just as celebratory by eating the vegetables. The Christmas spirit doesn't depend on consuming a dead bird.
The other time was by mistake, when I ate an hors d'oeuvre whose contents I failed to correctly identify.
Some vegetarians feel like vomiting if they accidentally eat meat. That didn't happen to me. But I did feel a rush of repulsion. For lack of a napkin in which to spit the thing out, I swallowed it hastily.
I realized my dependence on meat had come to an end.
I still eat fish occasionally. Not out of any sense of entitlement, but because the nutrients fish contain are so valuable. You might say I'm a hypocrite.
I may some day decide to give up fish. But in the meantime I believe it's a victory, if only a small one, that I've permanently kicked the meat habit. Small steps can produce big changes.
And my experiences have made me wonder whether meat-eating is something like an addiction.
According to the Minnesota Institute of Psychiatry, addiction is a process in which a behaviour, which both produces pleasure and provides escape from internal discomfort, is "employed in a pattern characterized by (1) recurrent failure to control the behavior (powerlessness) and (2) continuation of the behaviour despite significant negative consequences (unmanageability)."
Meat-eating comes close to meeting that definition. Those who consume meat certainly get pleasure from it. And eating meat, like other types of eating, can provide an escape.
More important, many people seem unable to stop eating meat. I know it took me many years.
And yes, meat eating has significant negative consequences.
It increases cholesterol, thereby adding to the likelihood that the meat consumer will develop cardiovascular disease. High meat consumption is also linked with osteoporosis and with some forms of cancer.
If you eat meat, you risk exposing yourself to food poisoning via bacteria like salmonella and campylobacter. You also ingest all the hormones and antibiotics pumped into the animals you're eating. And, of course, there are new fears that meat-eaters could develop bovine spongiform encephalitis (mad cow disease) or possibly the avian flu spread by chickens and ducks.
In terms of wider consequences, meat "factories" also contribute to the pollution of our water and air. They multiply the consumption of fossil fuels, and they introduce hormones and antibiotics into the water.
Given all these drawbacks, it's surprising that governments aren't sensible enough to control our meat consumption, the way they do with alcohol and tobacco. They could, for example, impose stringent limitations on the quantity of meat produced, or they could tax meat consumption. They could even put warning labels on roasts and porkchops.
Despite government inactivity, individuals should be making the prudent decision to eliminate or cut back their meat consumption.
The number of vegetarians in the west is growing. Some surveys indicate that between one and 4.5 per cent of North Americans say they never eat meat. But even with the most optimistic estimate, that means that over 95 per cent still eat meat.
If they eat it only once a month, or even once a week, then they're reducing the risks to themselves and diminishing, at least slightly, the costs to our environment.
But my guess is there are still lots of folks out there under the illusion that meat is an essential part of the diet, and that it should be consumed at at least two meals a day. I continue to be surprised how often people ask me, "But what do you do if you don't eat meat? How do you get any protein?"
They fail to realize all the other protein sources there are. These include dairy products like eggs, yogurt, cheese and milk. They also include beans, nuts and seeds. And, though it may not be widely known, many other foods contain protein, such as potatoes, whole wheat bread, rice, broccoli, spinach, almonds, peas, peanut butter, tofu, soy milk, lentils and kale.
Pleasure, escape, significant negative consequences, failure to control the behaviour. Sounds to me like meat-eating qualifies as an addiction.
Maybe we need an organization called "Meat Addicts Anonymous."
- Christine Overall is a feminist and a professor of philosophy at Queen's University.